Choosing a sleeping pad for cold ground

Warmth under you matters as much as the bag around you. Look for an R-value that matches your season. Around 2 to 3 works for mild nights. Above 4 is better near freezing.

Thicker pads feel luxurious for car camps. Ultralight air pads win for miles walked. Either way, pack a tiny repair kit.

Pair your pad with a bag or quilt that matches the forecast, then sleep like the ridge is not going anywhere.